GCS v.1
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a fifteen point scale used to assess impairment of consciousness in response to defined stimuli. It has three subscales E (eye), V (verbal) and M (motor). The Total Score is the sum of the results in the subscales.
To record clinical responses of the subject of care to defined stimuli as an objective assessment of the level of consciousness.
Use to record clinical responses of an adult subject of care to stimuli. It is commonly used to establish a baseline conscious state and neurological function assessment and/or to detect patients who may require immediate medical intervention. The Glasgow coma scale has three subscales E (eye), V (verbal) and M (motor). In clinical practice all three subscales are reported individually plus the 'Total score', if applicable. The three response values are considered separately as well as their sum. The 'EVM profile' can be derived as a concatenation of each of the recorded eye, motor and verbal response scores. For example, E3 V4 M2 represents the conscious state of a subject who opens eyes to speech, utters incomprehensible sounds and has an extensor response to stimulation. The minimum possible 'Total score' value is 3 (equivalent to E1 V1 M1) and the maximum possible is 15 (equivalent to E4 V5 M6). In practical use, Glasgow coma scale is recorded as one component of clinical monitoring, using sequential and repeated point-in-time measurements. Date and time should be recorded for each measurement, as well as any factors that may influence interpretation of changes. Changes in 'Total score' or any E, V or M values may have as much clinical significance as the value recorded initially.
Not to be used for assessing infants and young children - an archetype for Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale will be required to ensure that the eye, motor and verbal response choices are appropriate for the age and ability of the child.
Teasdale G. Glasgow Coma Scale: The Glasgow structured approach to Assessment of the Glasgow Coma Scale [Internet]. Sir Graham Teasdale; 2014 {cited 2015 Apr 20]. Available from: http://www.glasgowcomascale.org/ and http://www.glasgowcomascale.org/downloads/GCS-Assessment-Aid.pdf. Glasgow Coma Scale, draft archetype, NEHTA Clinical Knowledge Manager [Internet]. Australia: National eHealth Transition Authority. Authored: 2007 Mar 13. Available at: http://dcm.nehta.org.au/ckm/#showArchetype_1013.1.1160 (accessed 2015 Mar 05). Crippen DW. Head Trauma - Presentation: Medscape Reference: Drugs, Diseases & Procedures [Internet]. WebMD LLC: c1994-2013; [updated 2012 Jun 21; accessed 2015 Mar 05]. Available from: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/433855-overview#a0112. Teasdale G, Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 1974,2:81-84. Teasdale GM, Murray L. Revisiting the Glasgow Coma Scale and Coma Score. Intensive Care Medicine. 2000; 26: 153-154. V3 DCModels R1 I1 2010 Sep - Glasgow Coma Scale v0.75 [Internet]. Health Level Seven International. Published Jan 2014. Available at: https://github.com/DetailedClinicalModels/Detailed-Clinical-Models/blob/master/Glasgow%20Coma%20Scale%20(GCS)/org.hl7.GlasgowComaScale(15pointversion)English-v0.75.pdf (accessed 22 Mar 2015)
OBSERVATION.glasgow_coma_scale.v1
