Calculates the urine output rate and fluid balance, based on fluid intake and total urine output under a specified interval of time. Urine output rate {ml/kg/hr} = total urine output {ml} / (weight {kg} x specified interval {hours}); Fluid balance {ml} = fluid intake {ml} - total urine output {ml}. These calculations help identify oliguria, defined as urine output <500 ml in 24 hr (0.5 ml/kg/h) in an adult, and <1 L in 24 hr (1 mL/kg/h) in a child; acute kidney injury (AKI) or acute renal failure (ARF).
To determine the urine output rate and fluid balance and help identify individuals with oliguria, possible AKI or ARF.
Calculate urine output rate and fluid balance over a specified time interval. Urine output rate {ml/kg/hr} = total urine output {ml} / (weight {kg} x specified interval {hours}); Fluid balance {ml} = fluid intake {ml} - total urine output {ml}. Also use to identify individuals with oliguria [urine output <500 ml in 24 hr (0.5 ml/kg/h) in an adult, and <1 L in 24 hr (1 mL/kg/h) in a child]. With RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage kidney disease) classification, it also helps identify individuals with: - High risk AKI: less than 0.5 ml/kg/hr for more than 6 hours at a time; - Positive AKI diagnosis: less than 0.5 ml/kg/hr for more than 12 hours at a time; - Acute renal failure: less than 0.3 ml/kg/hr for more than 24 hours at a time or anuria for 12 hours.
Israni AK, Kasiske BL. Laboratory assessment of kidney disease: glomerular filtration rate, urinalysis, and proteinuria. Brenner and Rector’s the kidney. 2012;9. Lopes JA, Jorge S. The RIFLE and AKIN classifications for acute kidney injury: a critical and comprehensive review. Clinical Kidney Journal. 2013 Feb 1;6(1):8-14.
OBSERVATION.body_weight.v2, OBSERVATION.urine_output.v1, OBSERVATION.fluid_balance.v1